City of Hamilton City of Hamilton
Submit SearchSubmit Search
City of Hamilton - Public Health Services

Air Quality

Hamilton Smog, Healthy Air

Smog and Health
Who is at Risk?
Protect Yourself
City of Hamilton Actions
Links

Smog and Health

Smog is a general term use to describe pollutants in outdoor air. In urban areas, sources of pollution include vehicles (cars and trucks) and industry. Because pollutants travel through the air, pollution can affect air quality at great distances from where the pollution was originally released. Consequently, even rural areas are affected by smog.

Smog is associated with premature deaths, and can negatively impact pre-existing health conditions such as asthma and bronchitis, heart disease and diabetes, resulting in increased hospitalizations and visits to the emergency room or the doctor's office. Seniors, children, and pregnant women are especially at risk of experiencing adverse effects of exposure to air pollution. Heart and lung conditions can become worse with poor air quality. Air pollution can also irritate the eyes, nose and throat and can cause wheezing, coughing and breathing difficulties.

Health risks may also increase during high smog levels for those who play sports or exercise outdoors, or others active outside (e.g., gardeners). When you exercise, you breathe harder than normal, bringing dirty air deeper into your lungs. You also breathe mostly through your mouth, bypassing the filtering action of the nose. In addition to the above noted symptoms, people who are active outdoors when smog levels are high may have difficulty performing at their best because the lungs cannot work at full capacity.

Who is at risk?

Smog affects everyone's health. Some people are more vulnerable to the effects of air pollution than others. Smog is especially harmful to:

  • Seniors
  • People with lung diseases and heart conditions
  • People with asthma, bronchitis, or other lung conditions
  • Children and pregnant women

Individuals from these high-risk groups can experience health effects at lower levels of pollution.

Protect yourself on a high smog day

There are many things you can do to protect yourself while enjoying the outdoors:

  • Listen to your body and reduce your activity level if you experience symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, chest tightness and/or difficulty breathing.
  • Check the Ontario Ministry of the Environment’s website to find out the air quality forecast for the City of Hamilton.
  • Plan your day to limit impact of activities that increase smog. For example, group errands/meetings together and refuel your vehicle only during non-sunlight hours. Consider ways to modify your day (e.g., car pool, take transit, work from home).
  • Drink plenty of water and take lots of rest breaks preferably in the shade or in an air-conditioned area.
  • Contact your physician or go to your nearest walk-in clinic or hospital emergency department if you have further concerns about your health condition.

What is the City of Hamilton doing to minimize smog?

The City Of Hamilton has a plan to minimize the contribution their operations can have on the environment. From the industry leading Green Fleet Plan to the City’s collaboration with Clean Air Hamilton and the Hamilton Air Monitoring Network, the City Of Hamilton supports sustainable solutions. The City of Hamilton also passed an Idling By-law to limit the pollutants released by all vehicles, not just those operated by the City.

The City of Hamilton Public Health Services are working to bring a new air quality forecasting service to Hamilton. The new Air Quality health Index (AQHI) will descibe the air pollution in terms of the risk to health, and offer specific health advise based on anticipated levels of pollution.

Useful links

Air Quality Ontario
Hamilton Street Railway (HSR) Bus routes
Cycling path maps
Urban bike routes map (2008)
Rural bike routes map (2008)
More information on cycling in Hamilton

Last Updated: June 1, 2010