Strategies
Hamilton Drug Strategy
Contact Us
Brenda Marshall, Sr Project Manager
Public Health
Email [email protected]
In Hamilton substance use and related harms have had an impact on the health, safety and wellbeing of the community. Local data reveals that there are 5 substances of concern including opioids, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine and methamphetamines (crystal meth). Deaths and overdoses for most of these substances are increasing in Hamilton and are higher than the provincial rates.
The Hamilton Drug Strategy (HDS) is a city-wide collaboration that addresses the harms associated with substance use experienced by individuals, families and the community. HDS involves key stakeholders and members of the community to identify and address systems-level gaps, and to implement evidence-based practices to ensure all individuals can live their best quality of life. The HDS capitalizes on the existing strengths of Hamilton’s mental health and addictions system and the assets already present in our community. The HDS will strive to provide an integrated and comprehensive approach, and to connect community agencies, strategies and programs to reduce the impact of substance use in the community.
Hamilton Drug Strategy Goal
All residents of Hamilton are free of harm due to substance use and are able to enjoy the best quality of life.
Hamilton Drug Strategy Approach
The purpose of the HDS is to foster dynamic community collaboration and action to shift the way we approach substance use disorders. The HDS has researched, conducted community consultations and built a collaborative network to engage with the community and collectively develop a comprehensive plan to reduce the impacts of substance use in Hamilton. Survey and focus group results from the public and key community partner input provided foundational priorities for the strategy.
The HDS is based on an evidence-based comprehensive approach to address the harms of substance use which includes four pillars; Prevention, Harm Reduction, Social Justice/Justice and Treatment.
Priority Populations
Interventions will focus on supporting priority populations through the utilization of resources for the most at risk.
Health Equity
A health equity approach will be used to consider and examine the root causes that contribute to health and social inequities, so the residents of Hamilton can reach their full health potential.
Accountability
Accountable to the community to develop and implement a system-wide response that ensures ease of access to the needed programs and services.
Comprehensive
The Hamilton Drug Strategy will coordinate and integrate comprehensive services, programs and policies to address substance use in our community.
Action Oriented
The Hamilton Drug Strategy will focus on achieving mutually agreed upon goals that result in an enhanced quality of life and well-being for Hamilton residents.
Integration
An integrated approach connects all partners for the purpose of maximizing efficiency and impacts of services and to ensure community members and their supports have ease of access to these services.
Innovation
The Hamilton Drug Strategy will explore new and non-traditional forms of evidence-based information, actions, and interventions.
Communication
We will ensure that communication will be open, transparent and timely.
Collaboration
We will ensure meaningful collaboration that is fair, balanced and respectful between all partners and those with lived experience.
Evidence-Based
Our actions will be based on quantitative and qualitative evidence from multiple sources including but not limited to: clinical and population health research; community health issues and local context; experience; community needs and political support; and resources.
Social Justice
The Hamilton Drug Strategy emphasises social and justice principles, developing action plans to incorporate equity and social determinants of health including; equality relative to economic, political and social opportunities, cultural and ethnic diversity, and all forms of social injustice attached to poverty, discrimination and stigma. This approach is cognisant of the Justice system’s emphasis toward ensuring the administration of laws that are concerned with justice, fairness, reasonableness and a genuine respect for people.
Prevention interventions seek to prevent or delay the onset of substance use and address the root causes of addiction. Prevention is foundational in addressing substance use before problems begin rather than waiting until problems are present.
Prevention Goal
- To prevent youth aged 12-24 from ever using substances
Prevention Objectives
- To increase the skills of staff in schools and youth serving organizations to teach youth about the harms of substance use
Harm reduction interventions seek to respect the rights of individuals to use substances, increase awareness regarding lower risk use, and address risk and protective factors related to harms. (MOHLTC, 2018)
Harm Reduction Goal
- To Reduce the harms caused by substance use in the community
Harm Reduction Objectives
- To increase access to naloxone to reverse and reduce opioid overdoses.
- To reduce the stigma people with substance use disorders face from the public and harm reduction service providers to improve their chances of seeking harm reduction support.
Social Justice/Justice interventions seek to incorporate equity and social determinants of health including; equality relative to economic, political and social opportunities, cultural and ethnic diversity, and all forms of social injustice related to poverty, discrimination and stigma. It is also takes into consideration the administration of laws that are concerned with justice, fairness, reasonableness and a genuine respect for people.
Social Justice/Justice Goal
- To increase access to community services for people involved in the justice system
Social Justice/Justice Objectives
- To increase access to diversion programs for youth and adults facing substance-use related charges.
- To increase adults transitioning from provincial corrections system to community support programs.
- To increase diversion of people with substance use related intoxication from emergency departments to withdrawal management services.
Treatment interventions seek to improve the physical and emotional well-being of people who use or have use substances.
Treatment Goal
To improve accessibility and quality of care within addiction treatment and rehabilitation services.
Treatment Objectives
- To increase treatment service providers who screen, assess and develop treatment or service delivery plans for people with substance use disorders.
- To reduce the stigma people with substance use disorders face from treatment service providers to improve their chances of seeking and maintaining treatment support.
Guiding Principles
The guiding principles for the Hamilton Drug Strategy provide strategic direction for our partnership and our actions, shaping how we work together and with the community we serve.
Hamilton Public Health Services is collaborating with Hamilton Paramedic Services, Hamilton Health Sciences, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, and community partners to provide timely opioid-related information to the public. Access the Hamilton Opioid Information System.
How to Get Involved
- Share our resources and campaign materials. Our workgroups have developed several resources to be shared through your organizations and networks and used in the community by non-profit, public and private businesses. Contact us about our Opioid Careful Use and Stigma campaigns, or check out our community resources at the bottom of our Partners webpage.
- Join a workgroup. The Prevention, Harm Reduction, Treatment and Social Justice / Justice Workgroups meet on a monthly basis and are always looking for new community members and organizations to participate.
- Join the Community Member Network. A committee of individuals with living/ lived experience with substance use that provides support to the drug strategy.
The experience of substance use is different for each person and how it affects people depends on a variety of factors. Addiction and substance use are often connected to a person’s lived experience, mental health and behavior patterns. Addiction is caused by dependence, resulting from physical changes in the brain that cause cravings and withdrawal symptoms. As a result, using substances may be a choice for some people but for those with addiction issues, it really isn’t a choice and quitting may be extremely difficult even with support.
The continuum of substance use ranges from abstinence to dependence. People start and continue to use drugs for a multitude of reasons. Those reasons can change over time. People do not necessarily move along the continuum, but rather can stay at one point for extended periods of time or cycle through difference points along the continuum. People who are polysubstance users can be at different points along the continuum for different substances.
Information adapted from the Ontario HIV & Substance Use Training Program
- No Use (abstinence) - The person does not use a substance.
- Experimental Use - The person tries a substance and may or may not use it again.
- Social or Occasional Use - The person uses the substance infrequently.
- Medication (prescribed) - The person is prescribed and uses a medication as directed by a medical practitioner; medical supervision is provided minimizing risk of adverse outcomes
- Problematic Use - The person experiences negative consequences from using a substance (e.g., health, family, school, work, financial, legal problems).
- Dependence - The person is dependent on a substance and continues using, despite experiencing serious problems. Withdrawal symptoms may exhibit if use stops.
See The Person. Stop Stigma.
No one chooses addiction. People who use drugs come from all walks of life - they are parents, children, friends, co-workers, and neighbours. Many people with substance use disorders face barriers in getting the support and services they need because of the stigma that surrounds addiction.
Stigma is negative attitudes and beliefs about a group of people due to their behaviours or circumstances in life. It includes discrimination, prejudice, judging, labelling, excluding and stereotyping. Fear and misunderstanding often lead to stigma against people who use drugs, who are regularly blamed for their inability to stop using. This further contributes to feelings of hopelessness, shame and isolation. Stigma increases the likelihood that a person will hide their substance use from others, use alone or in an unsafe way, and avoid seeking help from others, even when they want to.
Stigma can destroy self-esteem and relationships, make it harder to access treatment, jobs and housing, and leads to discrimination and isolation. Health Canada, 2018
Local Stories
Listen to the stories of local Hamiltonians who have been affected by substance use disorders and what impact stigma had on them, their loved ones, their friends and their patients, and learn what actions you can take to stop stigma. Everyone has a unique story to tell.
These stories shared as part of this project may trigger distressing feelings. If you need to talk to someone for support, please contact the 24-hour crisis line for COAST Hamilton at 1-844-972-8338. If you are interested in seeking treatment for a drug or alcohol problem, contact ConnexOntario at 1-866-531-2600.
“We need to take the time to say ‘Are you okay?’” - Rebecca
“All they want a lot of the time is somebody to care.”- Joseph
“Be kind - that is someone’s son, daughter, mother, or father.” - Lesa
“Stigma prevents my clients from being able to recover.” - Dr. Lori
“Ask us how we want help, ask us what our barriers are.”- Tyler
“I was really fortunate to find people that met me where I was at.” - Lisa
“Anyone from any walk of life… can be affected.” - Faisal
“The antidote to [addiction] is connection.” - The Filcs
No One Chooses Addiction: Take Time to See the Person
There is no typical path to addiction. There are many reasons why people develop substance use disorders. Some are genetic or biological. Some stem from childhood trauma, violence or overwhelming stress at school, work or home. Some come from feeling alone, excluded or powerless. Some result from prescription medicine used to deal with chronic pain. Sometimes the cause is unknown.
Addiction is a health issue, not a character flaw. It is simply not a matter of will power or having a desire to stop. A substance use disorder is a medical condition diagnosed under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or DSM-5 (CAMH). It causes changes in the brain and body that make it very hard to stop using a substance, regardless of the harm it causes to the person or to others around them. People with substance use disorders deserve to be treated with the same dignity, care and respect that is given to others living with a health condition or disorder such as cancer, heart disease or diabetes.
Substance use is only a part of a person’s larger picture. It is important for everyone in our community that we choose to see the person and not simply their addiction.
Take Action to Stop Stigma
There are actions you can take to stop stigma. Learn what you can do to make a difference to someone and help build a healthier, more caring Hamilton.
- Acknowledge a person as a human being who should be treated with dignity, care and respect.
- See a person for who they are and what they can be, and not by what drugs they use.
- Recognize that your own experiences, or lack of experiences, should not be used to make assumptions or judgements about another person’s life.
- Give support to the person and remember to extend support to their family members and loved ones. Listen to their stories, be there for them when they need you, and acknowledge how hard the situation may be for them.
- Use person-first language. Avoid using hurtful labels such as drug abuse or drug user; replace with the terms substance use and a person with a substance use disorder.
- Accept a person’s situation and avoid judgement. Acknowledge what the person is going through, the difficulty to disclose addiction, and avoid passing blame.
- Replace negative assumptions with expressions of care and concern.
- Listen and avoid lecturing. Allow space and time for a person to share their story. Give them your full attention and stop yourself from jumping in. Never force someone to share their story if they aren’t ready or willing.
- Ask how you can support a person instead of coming to your own conclusions and solutions. It could be a glass of water, company to sit with, or helping them get the support they need at that moment.
- Like, retweet and share ‘See the Person’ posts on social media, videos and the link to this webpage.
- Educate yourself about addiction, harm reduction and substance use disorders.
- Get trained to use Naloxone which can reverse an opioid overdose and save a life. Call the City of Hamilton Public Health Services’ Harm Reduction program at 905-546-4276 or the Drug and Alcohol Helpline at 1-800-565-8603.
- Help others become more aware by passing on facts and challenge stereotypes.
- Volunteer at a local agency that supports harm reduction or people with substance use disorders.
- Know what resources are available for people with substance use disorders. Offer this information to others if asked or when they are ready.
- Learn what the Hamilton Drug Strategy is doing to help reduce the harms associated with drug use in Hamilton. Agencies and residents interested in joining one of our workgroups can email [email protected]
Date modified
September 30, 2022