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Raising a baby is an exciting and challenging time
You have gone through pregnancy, labour and delivery, and now you're ready to start life as a family.
A baby’s constant crying can become stressful and frustrating for parents and caregivers. This is normal. If you are feeling frustrated, it is okay to put the baby down in a safe place, like a crib, and walk away for a few minutes to calm yourself down.
Normal crying for babies
- Crying is one of the ways that babies communicate with us.
- Babies may have fussy periods in the late afternoon or evening, when parents are often more tired.
- Each baby is different, but most babies have periods of crying that last for 20 to 60 minutes at a time. This may add up to 5 to 6 hours in a day.
- In the first 5-6 months it is normal for a baby’s crying to increase in intensity.
- Your baby may continue to cry, no matter what you do. It does not mean that you are a bad parent; this is normal.
Possible reasons for crying
Babies may cry for many different reasons, but there are some things you can do to try to soothe them. It might take your baby a few minutes or longer to calm down when trying these ideas.
| Possible reason for crying | What you can do |
|---|---|
| Hunger | Try to feeding the baby |
| Needs to be close to people | Hold baby skin-to-skin You can also massage, rock, talk, sing or bathe the baby Go for walks and hold baby every day |
| Discomfort | Change baby’s diaper Burp them or rub their back Change baby’s positioning or bring them into another room so they can see a new environment |
| Too hot/too cold | Hold baby skin to skin Check the room temperature Ensure baby is dressed appropriately |
| Tired or overstimulated | Turn off lights and keep the room quiet Rock baby gently Rhythms or white noise may be soothing for baby |
| Illness or Pain | If baby’s cry sounds different to you or baby cannot be soothed after trying everything, see your doctor or call: Telehealth Ontario at 1-866-797-0000 |
What to do if your baby is still crying
Sometimes babies cry for unknown reasons. Try to comfort the baby, allowing them time to respond to each thing you try. During difficult times when the baby won't stop crying never shake your baby as this could cause Shaken Baby Syndrome.
If you find yourself feeling this way, there are some things you can do that may help:
- Put your baby in a safe place like a crib, cradle, or bassinet, and take a break to calm yourself. Check on your baby every 5-10 minutes.
- Call a friend, family member, or community support for help
- Take slow, deep breaths
- Have a good cry
- Take a bath or shower
- Use positive self-talk
- Listen to music
It is also important to take care of yourself on a regular basis in order to build resilience to face difficult situations like this. You can care for yourself by:
- Sleeping when the baby sleeps
- Eating a healthy, balanced diet
- Taking regular walks with the baby
- Organizing regular child care relief
- Connecting with other parents or caregivers
- Talking with your partner, friends, and family
Leaving your baby with other people
When leaving your baby with someone else make sure you trust this person, they do not have violent reactions, and that they are comfortable around babies. Speak with them about how to cope with the baby’s crying and help them develop a plan to stay calm. Also be sure to be available for them if they need support.
Shaken Baby Syndrome
One of the risks of this inconsolable crying is that it can be a dangerous trigger for a caregiver to hurt a baby during a moment of frustration. In fact, frustration with a baby’s crying is the most common reason for shaking a baby. Babies under one year of age are especially at risk to injury and death when they are shaken.
Shaken Baby Syndrome is a type of abusive head trauma which can damage the baby’s brain, causing permanent disabilities. It can lead to life-long problems such as:
- brain damage
- blindness
- paralysis
- death
If you suspect that your child has been shaken, call 9-1-1 or go to an emergency room. Symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndrome vary depending on the age of the baby, how often they’ve been abused and how forceful the shaking was. Symptoms could include:
- vomiting
- lack of smiling and/or vocalizing
- irritability
- poor sucking and/or swallowing
- pinpointed, dilated or unequal pupil size
- seizures
- difficulty breathing
- loss of consciousness
Sleep related deaths such as SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome), suffocation, or strangulation continue to be a cause of death for infants in Canada, Ontario, and Hamilton.
You can reduce the risk of sleep related death by creating a safe sleep environment. To make a safe sleep environment, you can follow the ABC’s:
A - Alone
- Your baby is not sharing their sleep surface with any other children, adults, or pets.
- There is only a firm mattress and fitted sheet.
- There is nothing in the environment such as blankets, pillows, toys, or bumper pads.
B - Back
- Place your baby to sleep flat on his or her back for every sleep.
C - Crib
- Place your baby in a crib, cradle or bassinet that meets current Canadian regulations.
- Place your baby to sleep in a crib within arm's reach of your bed for at least the first 6 months of life.
Frequently Asked Questions
- When a healthy baby spits up during sleep, they will often spit, cough, or turn their head to clear their airway.
- As this picture shows, when they are placed to sleep on their back, their esophagus (food pipe) is located under their trachea (air pipe).
- This means that if any spit-up is not cleared from their mouth, it is more likely to follow gravity, back down through their esophagus, into their stomach.
- If the baby is placed on their stomach to sleep, the trachea is now located under the esophagus, so any uncleared fluid is more likely to follow gravity down into the trachea and into the lungs.
- This shows that placing your baby to sleep on their back offers protection.
- Inclined products such as car seats, swings or bouncers are not recommended for infant sleep because infants have heavy heads and weak neck muscles, and this inclined position puts them at a higher risk for their head to fall forward and constrict the airway, leading to positional asphyxiation (their position causing their airway to become blocked).
- Elevating the head of the infant’s crib is not an effective way to reduce gastroesophageal reflux and it could also cause the baby to slide down to the foot of the crib into a position that could be dangerous.
- Bumper pads are most often associated with the risk of suffocation.
- However, other risks exist such as strangulation and falls.
- An infant’s head can get caught over or under a breathable bumper pad or in the ties used to affix the bumper pad to the sleep environment, leading to strangulation or entrapment in a dangerous position.
- Older children can use the bumper pad to climb out of the crib, putting them at risk of falls.
Additional Sleep Tips
Here are some other tips that can reduce your infant’s risk of sleep related death include:
- Breastfeed your baby. Any amount of breastfeeding offers protection against SIDS. But exclusively breastfeeding for at least the first 6 months has been shown to reduce the risk by up to 50%. Learn more about breastfeeding your baby.
- Keep your baby's environment smoke free before and after birth. Exposure to smoke increases the risk of SIDS. While it is best to quit completely, any reduction can help to reduce the risk. Learn more about programs to help with quitting smoking.
- If the room temperature is comfortable for you in light clothing, then it is comfortable for your baby in a fitted one-piece sleeper. Being too hot puts babies at a higher risk of SIDS.
- Share safe sleep information with anyone who cares for your baby.
- Bouncers, car seats, strollers, swings, and playpens, are not meant for routine, unsupervised sleep. Because babies have big heads compared to their bodies and weak neck muscles, the semi-reclined position can cause their heads to fall forward into a chin-to-chest position and block their airway.
Additional resources
Date modified
September 08, 2022